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(SEP) The Network Drafting Team has finalised the next version of their proposal for the Download service.

Implementing Rules and the accompanying Technical Guidelines.? The Draft Legislation for the Download Network Service is currently being prepared by the European Commission for submission to the INSPIRE Committee. The Draft Implementing Rules, the Technical Guidelines and the comments resolution document are now publicly available.

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Skysoft Portugal adopts GMV brand+GMV in the Space Sector Top 50

Skysoft Portugal adopts GMV brand

Some time ago the subsidiaries making up GMV were given a new corporate image. It was decided to go for a single brand policy taking in all group companies under a sole denomination.

Today, 21 September, Skysoft Portugal begins to use the GMV brand which includes all the group companies under a sole denomination.

Skysoft Portugal was born in 1998 with the aim of providing cutting-edge solutions for its clients inside and outside Portugal. Since then it has steadily worked its way up to become one of Portugal’s top technology firms. Its staff is now 100 strong and it is the European Space Agency’s prime supplier in Portugal; it is also the top Portuguese company working in software engineering for civil aviation and a national benchmark in R&D activities. This has all been possible thanks to a client-centered approach based on the talent and expertise of our personnel.

In 2005 the perfect match between the remit, competitive strategy and values of Skysoft and GMV made it possible for Skysoft to be brought into the multinational technology group GMV, which now boasts a staff of over 1000 and runs offices in several countries of Europe, America and Asia. Since then Skysoft has continued to operate and grow under its own brand identity. Today it is GMV’s second most important centre at international level.

The time is now right for Skysoft Portugal too to be brought into the fold. This will be of advantage to all, Skysoft helping to create an even stronger worldwide brand while it benefits from all the competitive advantages offered by the GMV brand.

The business structure and nature of Skysoft will not be altered by this change; its board, management and personnel will remain the same as before.

GMV in the Space Sector Top 50

GMV has been included among the 50 top firms of the world’s space sector, according to the ranking “top 50 Space Manufacturing and Services list” published by the American trade magazine Space News.

GMV has become Europe’s top independent supplier of satellite control centers, ranking second in the world as a whole. With over 25 years of experience in the sector, GMV is the only European firm whose satellite control systems are being simultaneously used by the European Space Agency and NASA. At the moment over 150 satellites of the world’s main manufacturers base their operations on GMV-supplied systems.

GMV also boasts Europe’s third biggest participation and Spain’s biggest in the development of the Galileo satellite navigation system.

GMV’s portfolio of clients in the space sector includes all the world’s biggest space agencies and operators and it has systems up and running in 18 countries throughout the 5 continents.

GMV is also a leading supplier of new technologies in other sectors such as defense, transport and information technologies, boasts a 1000-strong staff and runs offices in Spain, Portugal, the United States, Poland, the Korean Republic and Malaysia.

Inclusion in this list, together with other firms like EADS, Boeing and Lockheed Martin, is yet more proof of the international reputation being won by GMV’s space activity.

Source

GAF AG and Euromap GmbH have launched a joint product that provides an up-to-date and homogenous mapping base for Germany. This highly accurate data set contains the most important land coverage and land use classes for a wide range of potential users, and provides coverage of the whole of Germany.

For private firms, public administrations and research institutes, such land use and land cover data forms the basis for areas of applications such as the planning of mobile telecommunications networks, regional planning and environmental mapping and monitoring tasks. Such uses are dependent on accurate and up-to-date information, but the currently available data sets no longer meet the high quality standards required by customers today.

In order to cater for such demands, the high quality product Euro-Maps LC has been created on the basis of many years of classification experience and stringent quality control measures. It is therefore possible to state that the individual object geometries are accurate with at least 90% confidence levels.
Euro-Maps LC makes use of current IRS-P6 Resourcesat-1 LISS-III multi-spectral data, mainly collected in the time frame 2007/2008. The technical production is based on an object oriented production chain with interactive mapping processes. The data includes 22 object classes with a minimum mapping unit of 0.25 ha.

Regine Richter, Head of the Land Use Applications Department at GAF AG, believes that there is a multitude of possible areas of application for this product: “In our view, Euro-Maps LC stands out amongst the products in the geo-information market by virtue of its thematic accuracy, its high precision and its high degree of uniformity. These qualities are the result of continually optimised workflows as well as the experience gained from classifying approximately 2 million km² of land coverage at scales of 1:50,000 and 1:25,000. Euro-Maps LC can be used in many fields as an independent product or together with other data sets, such as Euro-Maps 2D and also Euro-Maps 3D, which will be available soon.”

Euro-Maps LC is the perfect addition to the Euro-Maps product range and fits easily alongside the Euro-Maps 2D (5m orthomosaic in true colours) and Euro-Maps 3D (digital elevation models generated from high resolution stereo data, 3D visualisation) products. The Euro-Maps LC product has been produced in cooperation with the GAF AG subsidiary Euromap Satellitendaten-Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH, which is based in Neustrelitz in Germany, and is available as of now.

Source GAF

Attachement

The First Symposium on Earth Observation Business took place in Paris on September 10. This unique event brought together an international cast of top-level representatives from the entire Earth Observation value chain: government, satellite manufacturers, satellite operators, data resellers, service providers and end users.

Speakers came from industry leading private and public sector entities such as DigitalGlobe, Astrium Services, GeoEye, RapidEye, Google Earth & Maps, Microsoft Virtual Earth/Bing Maps, e-Geos, Fugro, Gazprom, Total, NOAA, the French MoD, the Malaysia Remote Sensing Agency, and the European Union Satellite Center among many others.

During this full-day program these senior executive speakers addressed the opportunities and challenges in the fast-growing and changing EO business, which will impact actors at every level. As more and more private and public actors throughout the world are looking to Earth observation to address a variety of issues, manufacturing requirements are changing.

Approximately 260 Earth observation and meteorology satellites will be launched from 2009-2018 — double compared to the previous decade. The commercial data market should grow to $1.2 billion in revenues in 2009, and quadruple to nearly $4 billion in the next ten years as private users (both consumers and enterprise) and governments become bigger and more demanding customers and operators look to capture this new demand. Government agencies are also increasingly looking to commercialize their own data, a trend which could potentially impact the supply and price of data industry-wide.

During the event Adam Keith, Senior Analyst at Euroconsult, provided a snap-shot of the current Earth observation market, as well as forecasts for the size and shape of the market in the coming years. According to Mr. Keith, one of the interesting challenges ahead will be to see how providers of commercial data will adapt their business models, product offerings, and distribution to respond to user demand and diversify their revenue streams, while not encroaching on service provider territory. Governments and private stakeholders ranging from manufacturers to operators to service providers will also play a role in shaping the market of the future, and driving and benefiting from growth. Top executive speakers representing each of these areas shared their strategies over the course of four panels during the event:

Innovation for Market Growth (Satellite Manufacturers) Leaders discussed future demands for satellite manufacturing as well as changes in customers’ requirements across the world, from low cost systems to new generation satellites.

Increasing Needs for Government Usage as a Growth Driver Representatives of major agencies and military entities shared their rationale for increasing data usage and procurement strategies for proprietary and third party systems.

Growth Strategies of EO System Operators and Data Resellers Top executives of leading and emerging commercial EO operators discussed their vision of the future and how they will meet the challenges to diversify revenue sources, and develop sustainable business models beyond selling raw data, and secure private financing.

Added Value Brought by EO Data for Private Users Executives from private companies expressed their views on opportunities offered by the EO market, the current limits of available sources of data, and the costs of data and expectations for the coming years.

These key themes covered during the symposium mirror those found in Euroconsult’s recently released market report Satellite-Based Earth Observation, Market Prospects to 2018, which provides industry forecasts, assessment of business opportunities and analysis of the entire value chain for this growing market segment of the satellite industry.

This report, now in its second edition, is the source for all figures cited here. For more information visit http://www.euroconsult-ec.com/research-reports/space-industry-reports/satellite-based-earth-observation-38-27.html

If you missed this year’s event, be sure to save the date for the 2nd Symposium on Earth Observation Business on your calendar: September 9, 2010 in Paris. The symposium is part of the well-established World Satellite Business Week (WSBW), an annual Euroconsult summit. WSBW is an executive meeting place for the global satellite business and widely considered the must-attend event for top executives from leading and emerging market players. 550 participants from 150 companies and over 100 executive-level speakers discussed market trends and growth strategies. For a complete look at the First Earth Observation Symposium program, or the World Satellite Business Week, visit www.satellite-business.com

Euroconsult: Consulting Services, Research Reports and World Summits

Euroconsult is the leading international research and analyst firm specialized in satellite applications, communications, and digital broadcasting. Our experts provide 1) strategic consulting, 2) comprehensive research reports, market analyses, and forecasts to support business planning and strategic decision-making, and 3) world summits like the World Satellite Business Week and First Symposium on Earth Observation Business. With 25 years of experience and more than 560 public and private sector clients in 50 countries, Euroconsult has assisted private and public sector actors in their mission-critical planning and analysis. For more information about Euroconsult, visit www.euroconsult-ec.com

As a prominent player in the earth observation sector, EUROSENSE added the realization of a thermographic map of the city of Genk, the region of Antwerp, the municipality of Garches (near Paris) and the city of Brussels, to its portfolio. The project in Antwerp, including 20 surrounding municipalities, is probably the largest project ever executed, allowing inhabitants to check their roof insulation quality


Following the Kyoto-protocol and its successors, more and more cities are working out local initiatives regarding an efficient energy use. Since several studies have indicated the roof as the most important location where heat losses occur in an individual residence, local governments are looking for instruments to promote their subventions for a proper roof insulation. During cold winter nights in March 2009, EUROSENSE executed 5 flights covering a total area of more than 750 km² in the Antwerp (see Figure 1) and Genk region. At the same time, volunteers measured the temperature under their roof(s) and filled in an inquiry with information about their roof(s).
Figure 1 represents an overview of the thermographic map over Antwerp and 20 surrounding municipalities. With a total area of approx. 650km², this is probably one of the largest thermographic maps ever made in the domain of heat losses through roofs
More than 13.000 individual thermal images, each covering 650m x 512m with a resolution of 1m, have been processed creating a homogenous thermographic map of the two areas. Experts at EUROSENSE then used the information collected by volunteers to set-up a list of discriminating indicators which clearly define differences in the interpretation of the thermographic map. These indicators were integrated into a simple-to-use interpretation key (see Figure 2) which leads to three different legends. Next to the interpretation key and legends, a list of remarks and exceptions was created in order to fine-tune the interpretation.Figure 2 represents the easy-to-follow interpretation key which leads the inhabitant to the legend he/she needs to use to interpret the colors of the building on the thermographic map. For the city of Antwerp and surrounding municipalities, an online viewer (http://www.antwerpen.be/zoominopuwdak, in Dutch) has been made. On this application the inhabitants can easily locate their building (see Figure 3), interpret the colors on the thermographic map, get an indication of their roof insulation quality by means of the interpretation key and can click to the website of their city or municipality for more information on subventions given by the local governments.

Figure 3 represents an extract from the thermographic map. Solving the interpretation key with the information on the building indicated with the black polygon, leads to a first of three legends. This building is a good example of a badly insulated building.

With the projects in Antwerp and Genk, as well as the thermographic project in Brussels and Garches (France) earlier this year, EUROSENSE shows their thorough experience in the creation of thermographic maps and the subsequent interpretation to the level of an indication of roof insulation quality.

For more information on these services, we refer to the following contact information:
EUROSENSE Belfotop N.V Belgium
Address: Nerviërslaan 54, B-1780 Wemmel, BELGIUM
Phone: +32 (0)2 460 70 00
Fax: +32 (0)2 460 49 58
Website: http://www.eurosense.com
E-mail: info@eurosense.com

The seminar on Earth Observation Satellites will examine challenges faced by manufacturers of Earth Observation satellites, experiences of operators, the views of end-users and the future of Earth Observation technology.


It will provide a platform for satellite engineers to discuss their latest ideas, work in progress and research into solutions.

Register your place and submit your poster proposal at THEIET

It’s all go for the Earth Observation seminar!

This one day seminar will look at challenges faced by manufacturers of Earth Observation satellites, experiences of operators of Earth Observation satellites, the views of end-users of the products generated and collated by Earth Observation satellites and the future of Earth Observation technology.

Confirmed speakers include:

  • Dr Chris Chaloner, Systems Development Executive, Aero-Space Division, Systems Engineering & Assessment Ltd, UK
  • Dr Arwyn Davies, Director, Natural Environment Research Council and Earth Observation,Natural Environment Research Council
  • Dave Hodgson, Chair, British Association of Remote Sensing Companies
  • Professor Mick Johnson, Director, Centre for Earth Observation Instrumentation
  • Chris Mutlow, ATSR-1 Principal Investigator and ATSR-2 Project Scientist, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
  • Dr David Williams, Director General, British National Space Centre

View the full programme
Registration

Please visit our event website to check out the full programme, register your place and submit your latest Earth Observation work for consideration as a poster – the deadline for abstracts is Monday, 12 October. Find out more online at THEIET for more information.

QUICK LINKS
Register online
Download the brochure
Download the abstract submission template
Submit your poster proposal:zsquires@theiet.org
Phone us: +44 (0) 1438 765 657
Email us: eventscs1@theiet.org
Find out more about the IET

SOURCE

The Institution of Engineering and Technology is registered as a Charity in England & Wales (no 211014) and Scotland (no SC038698).

will address Europe’s most ambitious programmes: GALILEO and GMES and their prospective benefits to technology, industry and society.

On October 15th and 16th, the future of the European Space Policy will be discussed in Brusels. The conference, which is named “The ambitions of Europe in Space” will address Europe’s most ambitious programmes: GALILEO and GMES and their prospective benefits to technology, industry and society.

Prominent guests will include President of the European Commission, José Manuel Barroso, the President of the new European Parliament, Jerzy Buzek, and the President of the European Investment Bank (EIB), Philippe Maystadt. Several others European leaders, such as Vice-Presidents Antonio Tajani and Jacques Barrot, or Jean-Jacques Dordain, General Manager of ESA also confirmed their participation.

Conference organiser Business Bridge Europe (BBE) will bring together European Institutions, national and local public authorities, R&D centres, manufacturers and everyone interested in meeting and discussing space policy, space systems’ applications and their financing.

On the 15th SSTL CEO, Dr. Matt Perkins will deliver a keynote speech about “The external dimension of the space authority: the example of Africa” alongside other industry representatives. The following day, DMCii Managing Director, Dave Hodgson will join other remote sensing experts from ESA and industry to discuss “Environment, Energy, Home Land Security and Agriculture”. General themes throughout the conference will include:

  • Satellite navigation: for the time being, the EGNOS system improves GPS precision. Then, in the midst of this decade, the GALILEO system will give Europe an autonomous and very accurate positioning system.
  • In numerous fields: Galileo and GMES will work jointly, especially to assess climate change and to face its consequences, to improve our citizens security (surveillance of sensitive infrastructures, borders, maritime areas), or to manage natural or humanitarian disasters.
  • Telecommunications: with the potential offered by the satellites technologies, in particular in making high speed internet available in rural, mountainous and remote areas.
  • Finally: space exploration is to be integrated in the broader prospect of economic development in a wide scope of domains.

This Conference is organised by BBE in partnership with the European Commission, the European Space Agency (ESA), the European Investment Bank (EIB), and several industrial firms including SSTL.

Conference admittance is free, to find out more about this conference and to register visit SpaceConference.

The Industry Information day on the GMES Sentinel Data Policy was jointly organized by the GMES bureau of the European Commission and the European Space Agency (ESA).

The objective was to inform about the GMES governance and information policy in general and about the Sentinel Data Policy in particular, and to collect views from the European value adding and service industry, GMES services, other potential Sentinel data users, satellite data providers and distributors.

Valère Moutarlier (Head of Unit of the GMES Bureau, European Commission) and Günther Kohlhammer (Head of Earth Observation Ground Segment Department, ESA) co-chaired the sessions.

The meeting was attended by approximately 100 participants and was perceived as a positive, cooperative and constructive step towards an improved understanding between the European Commission, ESA and industry.

Presentations of the Information Day are available at the following link
Overview of GMES governance and the overall GMES data and information policy
Current joint the EC/ESA plan for the Sentinel Data Policy
Views of EARSC, the European Association of Remote Sensing Companies
Important frameworks for a GMES Sentinel Data Policy: INSPIRE and GEO

Other short contributions from workshop attendees expressing their view of the potential impact of the proposed Sentinel data policy on their business activities were also presented.

It was concluded that the dialogue with industry will be continued in order to take industrial stakeholders’ views into account when developing and implementing GMES and in particular its space component.

SOURCE GMES BUREAU

As part of the development process for ESA’s Sentinel-3 Earth observation mission, remote-sensing experts carried out an extensive experiment campaign across southern Europe this summer. The results provide valuable insight into the imagery the mission will deliver after it is launched in 2013.

For all new Earth observation missions, a crucial part of the development process, after defining and designing the instruments, is to assess the future performance of the sensors. In addition, the algorithms being developed to transform the satellite data into usable information products also have to be tested.

In order to make these assessments, ESA organises test campaigns using airborne instruments that closely match the characteristics of the spaceborne sensors. The effort is coordinated with ground-based teams that collect complementary scientific data for calibration and evaluation.

One such campaign was recently completed for Sentinel-3, which is the third in a series of five space missions ESA is developing for the Global Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES) initiative. Led by the European Commission, GMES will fulfil the growing need among European policy-makers to access accurate and timely information services to manage the environment, understand and mitigate the effects of climate change, and ensure civil security.

The ‘Sentinel-3 Experiment’ campaign – or Sen3Exp for short – involved a series of coordinated activities with scientists making ground-based measurements in Spain, Italy and the Ligurian and Adriatic Seas, while aircraft with sensitive instrumentation passed overhead and satellites acquired data simultaneously from space. The result is a comprehensive dataset of imagery and ground-truth information that can be used to simulate Sentinel-3 optical data, test the processors under development to generate the data products, and analyse whether these data products will satisfy the requirements of the user communities.

The campaign’s Principal Investigator, Dr Carsten Brockmann, confirmed that, “A unique, comprehensive and valuable dataset has been created that will significantly support the development of the Sentinel-3 mission.”

Primarily, Sentinel-3 will support services related to the marine environment, such as maritime safety services that need ocean surface-wave information, ocean-current forecasting services that need surface-temperature information, and sea-water quality and pollution monitoring services that require advanced ocean colour products from both the open ocean and coastal areas. Sentinel-3 will also serve numerous land, atmospheric and cryospheric application areas such as land-use change monitoring, forest cover mapping and fire detection.

The mission’s complement of optical sensors will comprise an Ocean Land Colour Instrument (OLCI), which is based on Envisat’s Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS), and a Sea Land Surface Temperature Radiometer (SLSTR), which is a successor to Envisat’s Advanced Along Track Scanning Radiometer (AATSR).

The Sen3Exp campaign began in June in Barrax, La Mancha, Spain. An aircraft operated by the Spanish National Institute for Aerospace Technology (INTA), equipped with three hyperspectral imaging spectrometers, made two flights over the area. Meanwhile, satellite data were acquired by Envisat’s MERIS and AATSR and by the Compact High Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (CHRIS) aboard ESA’s Proba-1 satellite. At the same time, ground teams, under the direction of Prof. Jose Moreno from the University of Valencia, made atmospheric radiometric and biophysical measurements.

The campaign then moved to Pisa in Italy, from where a pine forest at San Rossore could be reached. At San Rossore, Prof. Federico Magnani from the University of Bologna oversaw the week-long ground measurement programme. The dataset was again complemented with MERIS, AATSR and CHRIS satellite data.

In July, activities focused on the marine environment where measurements were taken at two oceanic sites: the Boussole monitoring buoy in the Ligurian Sea and the Aqua Alta Oceanographic Tower (AAOT) in the Adriatic Sea, close to Venice. Both sites have played an important role in supporting ocean colour algorithm development and product validation for many years.

Boussole typifies the global ocean, where the measured signal is determined solely by the absorption of phytoplankton. AAOT is in an area where there is both open ocean water and also water that is optically complex because phytoplankton, suspended sediments and coloured dissolved organic matter also affect the measured signal. Such water can be found in all coastal regions and is a challenge to understand from space.

Routine radiometry measurements are made at these locations, both above and below the water surface and fed into the Mermaid database, managed by ARGANS, UK. A unique flight pattern was developed by the Sen3Exp team that encompassed a wide range of observational configurations. Two overpasses over each site were carried out and an image over the coast that included the transition between land and ocean was also acquired, which will be important for understanding how the signal behaves in coastal zones.

The campaign also took advantage of the fact that the MERIS 15 spectral bands can be reprogrammed. Thus, for several short periods during the campaign window, data were acquired using some of the new spectral bands planned for OLCI and provided some of the most realistic simulations possible of the data expected from Sentinel-3.

With more than 60 people involved, the success of this technically and logistically complex campaign demonstrates the excellent cooperation between European scientists. Now comes the task of analysing the huge dataset collected during the campaign. An additional opportunity for data analysis is provided by the inclusion in of data collected from the Airborne Prism Experiment (APEX) imaging spectrometer during a parallel campaign in Switzerland and Belgium.

In the meantime, Professors Moreno and Magnani agree that, “A large data archive has been generated that will help not only to provide important input for Sentinel-3 but will be valuable for future ESA missions.”

SOURCE ESA

File Management Technical Hydrocarbons + Aurensis in telecommunication+ Data surveillance with miniUAV

File Management Technical Hydrocarbons of the Ministry of Industry, Tourism and Trade

Aurensis has been awarded for the amount of 128,064 euros for the management of the service, maintenance and updating of the Technical File of Hydrocarbons of the Ministry of Industry, Tourism and Trade.

With this project a sum Aurensis new benchmark in its Information Technology Management for Oil & Gas companies. And it shall be responsible for management, maintenance and updating of file information over the next two years.

With this service, the Directorate General for Energy Policy and Mines makes the custody and management of public access to documents submitted by licensees in exploration, research permits and concessions for the exploitation of hydrocarbons, as defined in Article 12 of the Law 34/1998 of October 7.

You can request information online archive of Technical Oil (ATH) http://hidrocarburos.mityc.es/ath/ATH.ASPX through the website and to discuss the details of a visit, or to clarify any point regarding the requested documentation, please contact the ATH via e-mail sgh@mityc.es or telephone +34 91 349 75 58.

This service incorporates Aurensis a new client in the Management of Information Technology, which is developing projects with other clients in the market of Oil & Gas and Repsol YPF and Gas Natural Enagás since 2000.

AURENSIS launches its foray in the telecommunication sector with this agreement with MEDGAZ

MEDGAZ is a strategic project not only for Algeria and Spain, but also for Europe. On the one hand, it brings Algerian natural gas To Europe through a direct connection which ensures the security in the supply. Moreover, it is the most economical way of supplying natural gas to southern Europe, as international observers of the Observatoire Méditerranéen de l’Energie and Wood Mackenzie have concluded.

Aurensis has signed an agreement with Medgaz to provide for the next three years satellite broadband connection services between Almeria (Spain) and Beni Saf (Algeria). With this solution, Medgaz has a safety circuit to establish broadband communication between its stations and share information about its operations.

With project Aurensis launches its foray in the telecommunication business in Spain and reinforces the international cohesion of the services offered by the Telespazio Group.

Regional government of Aragon hires Aurensis to provide ‘Data &Surveillance with miniUAV’ as a support for firefighting in 2009

The Fire Agency of the Regional government of Aragon hires Aurensis to provide services of “Data & Surveillance with MiniUAV” in the summer campaign of 2009 as support for firefighting.

With this agreement, Aurensis will provide the Agency with real-time video and photographs (visible, thermal and near-infrared), subsequently will be generated Orthophotos in order to monitor the fires from the air and provide technical support for their extinction.

Our services of ‘Data & Surveillance with miniUAV’

‘Data & Surveillance with miniUAV’ are remote sensing services carried out on small unmanned aerial vehicles operated by remote control from a ground station. These small aerial vehicles capture high resolution photographs and video those are especially useful to monitor from the air in emergency situations, rescue people in areas of difficult access, surveillance tasks in civil works and infrastructures, and to generate mapping in confined areas.

Real-time data of the earth’s surface – such as pictures and video – can be obtained while the plane flies over the area. Emergency managers have in this services an optimal way to assess the situation from the air, to deliver items to people at risk and identify which paths are available or cut to the affected area.
Furthermore, it is possible geo-reference photos and video in a short time to display on the map for a fast assessment. Orthophotos and cartography of the affected area can be generated in just one week; this information is very useful for the recovery plans.

In case of phenomena in which the temperature is a key factor such us: fire extinction, illegal dumping along the coasts and rivers and self-combustion in landfills, it is possible to generate a thermal map to locate burning points, and also to analyze forestry and vegetation state.

Source Aurensis